威格士柱塞泵常见故障处理
1.柱塞泵输出流量不足或不输出油液
(1)吸入量不足。原因是吸油管路上的阻力过大或补油量不足。如泵的转速过大，油箱中液面过低，进油管漏气，滤油器堵塞等。
(2)泄漏量过大。原因是泵的间隙过大，密封不良造成。如配油盘被金属碎片、铁屑等划伤，端面漏油;变量机构中的单向阀密封面配合不好，泵体和配油盘的支承面有砂眼或研痕等。可以通过检查泵体内液压油中混杂的异物判别泵被损坏的部位。
(3)倾斜盘倾角太小，泵的排量少，这需要调节变量活塞，增加斜盘倾角。
2.中位时排油量不为零 变量式轴向柱塞泵的斜盘倾角为零时称为中位，此时泵的输出流量应为零。但有时会出现中位偏离调整机构中点的现象，在中点时仍有流量输出。其原因是控制器的位置偏离、松动或损伤，需要重新调零、紧固或更换。泵的角度维持力不够、倾斜角耳轴磨损也会产生这种现象。
3.输出流量波动 输出流量波动与很多因素有关。对变量泵可以认为是变量机构的控制不佳造成，如异物进入变量机构，在控制活塞上划出阶痕、磨痕、伤痕等，造成控制活塞运动不稳定。由于放大器能量不足或零件损坏、含有弹簧的控制活塞的阻尼器效能差，都会造成控制活塞运动不稳定。流量不稳定又往往伴随着压力波动。这类故障一般要拆开液压泵，更换受损零部件，加大阻尼，提高弹簧刚度和控制压力等。
4.输出压力异常 泵的输出压力是由负载决定的，与输入转矩近似成正比。输出压力异常有两种故障。
(1)输出压力过低 当泵在自吸状态下，若进油管路漏气或系统中液压缸、单向阀、换向阀等有较大的泄漏，均会使压力升不上去。这需要找出漏气处，紧固、更换密封件，即可提高压力。溢流阀有故障或调整压力低，系统压力也上不去，应重新调整压力或检修溢流阀。如果液压泵的缸体与配流盘产生偏差造成大量泄漏，严重时，缸体可能破裂，则应重新研磨配合面或更换液压泵。
(2)输出压力过高 若回路负载持续上升，泵的压力也持续上升，当属正常。若负载一定，泵的压力超过负载所需压力值，则应检查泵以外的液压元件，如方向阀、压力阀、传动装置和回油管道。若最大压力过高，应调整溢流阀。
5.振动和噪声 振动和噪声是同时出现的。它们不仅对机器的操作者造成危害，也对环境造成污染。
(1)机械振动和噪声 如泵轴和电机轴不同心或顶死，旋转轴的轴承、联轴节损伤，弹性垫破损和装配螺栓松动均会产生噪声。对于高速运转或传输大能量的泵，要定期检查，记录各部件的振幅、频率和噪声。如泵的转动频率与压力阀的固有频率相同时，将会引起共振，可改变泵的转速以消除共振。
(2)管道内液流产生的噪声 进油管道太细、进油滤油器通流能力过小或堵塞、进油管吸入空气、油液豁度过高、油面过低吸油不足和高压管道中产生液击等，均会产生噪声。因此，必须正确设计油箱，正确选择滤油器、油管和方向阀。
6.威格士柱塞泵过热 液压泵过度发热有两个原因，一是机械摩擦生热。由于运动表面处于干摩擦或半干摩擦状态，运动部件相互摩擦生热。二是液体摩擦生热。高压油通过各种缝隙泄漏到低压腔，大量的液压能损失转为热能。所以正确选择运动部件之间的间隙、油箱容积和冷却器，可以杜绝泵的过度发热和油温过高的现象。另外，回油过滤器堵塞造成回油背压过高，也会引起油温过高和泵体过热。
7.漏油 柱塞泵漏油主要有以下原因:(1)主轴油封损坏或轴有缺陷、划痕;(2)内部泄漏过大，造成油封处压力增大，而将油封损伤或冲出;(3)泄油管过细过长，使密封处漏油;(4)泵的外接油管松动，管接头损伤，密封垫老化或产生裂纹;(5)变量调节机构螺栓松动，密封破损;(6)铸铁泵壳有砂眼或焊接不良。
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